– Bone Density Assessment
The gold-standard measure of bone density — essential for osteoporosis screening, fracture risk assessment, and long-term bone health monitoring.
Appointment Duration
15–30 min
Preparation
Results
– What is DEXA Scan?
Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) is the internationally recognised gold-standard method for measuring bone mineral density (BMD). Two low-dose X-ray beams of differing energy levels pass through the bone; the degree of absorption by bone tissue is measured to calculate bone density with high precision.
A standard DEXA scan typically measures bone density at the lumbar spine (lower back) and the proximal femur (hip) — the two sites most clinically relevant for fracture risk assessment. Measurements are expressed as T-scores (comparison to a young adult peak bone mass) and Z-scores (comparison to age-matched peers), which are used to classify bone density as normal, osteopenic (low bone mass), or osteoporotic.
The radiation dose from a DEXA scan is extremely low — considerably less than a chest X-ray and equivalent to only a few hours of natural background radiation. The scan is comfortable, requires no injections, and can be completed quickly.
When is it Used?
We offer a wide range of ultrasound examinations. Please specify the area of concern when booking.
Your Appointment
The T-score compares your bone density to that of a healthy 30-year-old of the same sex at their peak bone mass. A T-score above -1.0 is normal; between -1.0 and -2.5 indicates osteopenia (low bone mass); below -2.5 indicates osteoporosis. The Z-score compares your bone density to the average for your age, sex, and body size — a low Z-score suggests bone loss beyond what is expected for your age. Your report will explain both scores in full.
Not at all. You simply lie on a flat, padded table. There are no needles, no injections and no enclosed spaces. The scanning arm passes over you quietly and without contact. Most patients describe it as one of the most comfortable diagnostic tests they have had.
Yes — please avoid calcium supplements for 24 hours before your scan. Residual calcium from supplements in the gut can interfere with the accuracy of the spinal measurement. You should continue all other medications as normal. Dietary calcium from food is fine.
Frequency depends on your clinical situation. For routine osteoporosis screening, a repeat scan every 2–5 years is typical. If you have started treatment for osteoporosis, a follow-up scan at 1–2 years is recommended to assess the treatment response. Patients on long-term corticosteroids may need annual monitoring. Your report will include a recommendation for the appropriate follow-up interval in your case.
Absolutely. While osteoporosis is more prevalent in women, approximately one in five men over 50 will sustain an osteoporotic fracture. Men with relevant risk factors — including long-term steroid use, low testosterone, a history of fragility fracture, or a family history of osteoporosis — should discuss DEXA screening with their GP. Male-specific reference ranges are used in the T-score and Z-score calculations.
45 South Street,
Dorking,
Surrey,
RH4 2JX
